

While the date of the origins of this Spanish dance is unclear, as some people believe that the Sardana was already very popular as early as the 16th Century, what is clear is that it was popular in Empordá in the latter part of the 19th Century. The 19th Century saw the Sardana exploding in popularity, carrying it across the Catalan region. The Sardana became so famous that it came to stand for Catalan identity and nationalism after the 'Renaixença' (Renaissance) in Catalonia at the beginning of the 19th Century.

After the Spanish Civil War, and the arrival of the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, the Sardana, along with many other regional traditions, was banned for being a symbol of the Catalan identity and nationalism. In 2010 however, the Catalan government declared that the Sardana was worthy enough to be added to their list of Catalan festivities and made it a dance of national interest.
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Being a circle dance, the Sardana is very variable, especially in terms of the number of dancers. Often when a Sardana begins to be performed in a street or at a party, people come along and join in, hence the circle gets bigger and bigger. Normally, people in the circle alternate in gender, i.e. man, woman, man, woman.
Professional dancing troupes of Sardanas also exist and are called 'colles'. These organized groups tend to have their own costumes or outfits which are specific to their 'colla'. For example, the 'Colla Estol-Espígol', a group from Agramunt, to the West of Barcelona, wear white clothes with green saches, belts, gloves, trousers and shoes.

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